O-nitrophenol
Mapangidwe apangidwe
Dzina la Chemical: O-nitrophenol
Mayina Ena: 2-nitrophenol, O-hydroxynitrobenzene
Fomula: C6H5NO3
Kulemera kwa mamolekyu: 139
Nambala ya CAS: 88-75-5
EINECS: 201-857-5
Nambala yamayendedwe azinthu zoopsa: UN 1663
Zofotokozera
1. Maonekedwe: Ufa wonyezimira wachikasu wachikasu
2. Malo osungunuka: 43-47 ℃
3. Kusungunuka: kusungunuka mu ethanol, ether, benzene, carbon disulfide, caustic soda ndi madzi otentha, kusungunuka pang'ono m'madzi ozizira, kusungunuka ndi nthunzi.
Synthesis Njira
1.Hydrolysis njira: o-nitrochlorobenzene ndi hydrolyzed ndi acidified ndi sodium hydroxide solution.Onjezerani 1850-1950 malita a 76-80 g / L yankho la sodium hydroxide mumphika wa hydrolysis, ndikuwonjezera 250 kg ya o-nitrochlorobenzene wosakanikirana.Ikatenthedwa mpaka 140-150 ℃ ndipo kupanikizika kuli pafupifupi 0.45MPa, sungani kwa 2.5h, kenaka mukweze mpaka 153-155 ℃ ndipo kupanikizika kuli pafupi 0.53mpa, ndikusunga kwa 3h.Pambuyo pakuchita, idakhazikika mpaka 60 ℃.Add 1000L madzi ndi 60L anaikira sulfuric asidi mu crystallizer pasadakhale, ndiye akanikizire mu hydrolyzate tatchulazi, ndi pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera sulfuric acid mpaka Congo wofiira mayeso pepala kutembenukira chibakuwa, ndiye kuwonjezera ayezi kuziziritsa 30 ℃, chipwirikiti, fyuluta, ndi kugwedeza. kuchotsa mowa wa mayi ndi centrifuge kuti mupeze 210kg o-nitrophenol yokhala ndi pafupifupi 90%.Zokolola ndi pafupifupi 90%.Njira ina yokonzekera ndi nitration ya phenol mu o-nitrophenol ndi p-nitrophenol, ndiyeno distillation wa o-nitrophenol ndi madzi nthunzi.Nitrification inachitika pa 15-23 ℃ ndi kutentha pazipita sayenera upambana 25 ℃.
2.Phenol nitration.Phenol amapangidwa ndi nitric acid kuti apange o-nitrophenol ndi p-nitrophenol, kenako amasiyanitsidwa ndi distillation ya nthunzi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito
Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati wapakatikati wa kaphatikizidwe organic monga mankhwala, utoto, mphira wothandizira ndi zinthu photosensitive.Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chizindikiro cha pH cha monochromatic.
Njira yosungira
Sitolo yosindikizidwa m'nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zoziziritsa kukhosi komanso mpweya wokwanira.Khalani kutali ndi moto ndi gwero la kutentha.Iyenera kusungidwa mosiyana ndi oxidant, reductant, alkali ndi mankhwala odyedwa, ndipo kusungidwa kosakanikirana kuyenera kupewedwa.Kuunikira kosaphulika komanso malo opumira mpweya amatengedwa.Ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamakina ndi zida zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kutulutsa zopsereza.Malo osungiramo ayenera kukhala ndi zipangizo zoyenera kuti pakhale kutayikira, kutali ndi gwero la kutentha, moto ndi malo oyaka moto ndi malo ophulika.
Kusamala
Ntchito yotsekedwa kuti ipereke mpweya wokwanira wamba.Ogwira ntchito ayenera kuphunzitsidwa mwapadera ndikutsata ndondomeko zoyendetsera ntchito.Alangizidwa kuti ogwira ntchito azivala chigoba cha fumbi lodzipangira okha, magalasi oteteza mankhwala, zovala zogwirira ntchito zoteteza poyizoni komanso magolovesi a rabara.Khalani kutali ndi moto ndi gwero la kutentha.Osasuta fodya kuntchito.Gwiritsani ntchito makina opumulirako osaphulika komanso zida.Pewani fumbi.Pewani kukhudzana ndi okosijeni, kuchepetsa wothandizila ndi zamchere.Ponyamula, iyenera kukwezedwa ndikutsitsa pang'ono kuti phukusi ndi chidebe zisawonongeke.Zida zozimitsira moto zamitundu yofananira ndi kuchuluka kwake komanso kutayikira zida zadzidzidzi zidzaperekedwa.Zotengera zopanda kanthu zitha kukhala ndi zinthu zoyipa.
